{"id":113,"date":"2003-05-19T21:32:00","date_gmt":"2003-05-19T13:32:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.freemindworld.com\/blog\/2003\/05\/0520_%e8%b0%81%e5%8a%a8%e4%ba%86%e6%88%91%e7%9a%84%e6%8c%87%e9%92%88%ef%bc%9f.shtml"},"modified":"2012-01-30T17:05:15","modified_gmt":"2012-01-30T09:05:15","slug":"030519_where_is_my_pointer","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.freemindworld.com\/blog\/2003\/030519_where_is_my_pointer.shtml","title":{"rendered":"\u8c01\u52a8\u4e86\u6211\u7684\u6307\u9488\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u8c01\u52a8\u4e86\u6211\u7684\u6307\u9488\uff1f<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u8bd1\u8005\u5e8f\uff1a<\/strong>
\n\u672c\u6587\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u5728\u8c03\u8bd5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5bfb\u627e\u60ac\u6302\u6307\u9488\uff08\u91ce\u6307\u9488\uff09\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9new<\/span>\u548cdelete<\/span>\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u7684\u91cd\u8f7d\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u3002
\n\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0d\u662f\u5b8c\u7f8e\u7684\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u4ee5\u8c03\u8bd5\u671f\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u9732\u4e3a\u4ee3\u4ef7\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6587\u4e2d\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u662f\u7edd\u4e0d\u80fd\u51fa\u73b0\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u6700\u7ec8\u53d1\u5e03\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u4ea7\u54c1\u4e2d\u7684\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u5728\u8c03\u8bd5\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u3002
\n\u5728VC\u4e2d\uff0c\u5728\u8c03\u8bd5\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u901a\u8fc7\u628anew<\/span>\u66ff\u6362\u6210DEBUG_NEW<\/span>\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u529f\u80fd\u66f4\u5f3a\u66f4\u65b9\u4fbf\u7684\u6307\u9488\u68c0\u6d4b\uff0c\u8be6\u60c5\u53ef\u53c2\u8003MSDN\u3002DEBUG_NEW<\/span>\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u601d\u8def\u4e0e\u672c\u6587\u6709\u76f8\u901a\u7684\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\u4ecb\u7ecd\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u867d\u7136\u4e0d\u662f\u6700\u4f73\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd8\u7b97\u5b9e\u7528\uff0c\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5b83\u63d0\u4f9b\u7ed9\u6211\u4eec\u4e00\u79cd\u65b0\u7684\u601d\u8def\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7b80\u4ecb\uff1a<\/strong>
\n\u524d\u51e0\u5929\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u4ef6\u4e8b\uff0c\u6211\u6b63\u5728\u8c03\u8bd5\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7528\u4e86\u4e00\u5927\u5806\u4e71\u4e03\u516b\u7cdf\u7684\u6307\u9488\u6765\u5904\u7406\u4e00\u4e2a \u94fe\u8868\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u6307\u5411\u94fe\u8868\u7ed3\u70b9\u7684\u6307\u9488\u4e0a\u51fa\u4e86\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u9884\u8ba1\u5b83\u5e94\u5f53\u6307\u5411\u7684\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u865a\u57fa\u7c7b\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002\u6211\u60f3\u5230\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u662f\uff1a\u6307\u9488\u6240\u6307\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u771f\u7684\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u5417\uff1f\u51fa\u95ee\u9898 \u7684\u6307\u9488\u503c\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab4\u6574\u9664\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4e0d\u662fNULL<\/span>\u7684\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u53ef\u4ee5\u65ad\u5b9a\u5b83\u66fe\u7ecf\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u6548\u7684\u6307\u9488\u3002\u901a \u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528Visual Studio\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u67e5\u770b\u7a97\u53e3\uff08View->Debug Windows->Memory\uff09\u6211\u4eec\u53d1\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6307\u9488\u6240\u6307\u7684\u6570\u636e\u662fFE EE FE EE FE EE …\u8fd9\u901a\u5e38\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5185\u5b58\u662f\u66fe\u7ecf\u662f\u88ab\u5206\u914d\u4e86\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u73b0\u5728\u5374\u5904\u4e8e\u4e00\u79cd\u672a\u5206\u914d\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u4e0d\u77e5\u662f\u8c01\u3001\u5728\u4ec0\u4e48\u5730\u65b9\u628a\u6211\u7684\u6307\u9488\u6240\u6307\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u533a\u57df\u7ed9\u91ca\u653e\u6389\u4e86\u3002\u6211\u60f3\u8981\u627e\u51fa\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9 \u6848\u6765\u67e5\u51fa\u6211\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5230\u5e95\u662f\u600e\u4e48\u4f1a\u88ab\u91ca\u653e\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u80cc\u666f\uff1a<\/strong>
\n\u6211\u6700\u7ec8\u901a\u8fc7\u91cd\u8f7d\u4e86new<\/span>\u548cdelete<\/span>\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u627e\u5230\u4e86\u6211\u4e22\u5931\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002\u5f53\u4e00\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u88ab\u8c03\u7528\u65f6\uff0c\u53c2\u6570\u4f1a\u9996\u5148\u88ab\u538b\u5230\u6808\u4e0a\u540e\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u8fd4\u56de\u5730\u5740\u4e5f\u4f1a\u88ab\u538b\u5230\u6808\u4e0a\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728new<\/span>\u548cdelete<\/span>\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u628a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4fe1\u606f\u4ece\u6808\u4e0a\u63d0\u53d6\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u6211\u4eec\u8c03\u8bd5\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4ee3\u7801\uff1a<\/strong>
\n\u5728\u7ecf\u5386\u4e86\u51e0\u6b21\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u731c\u6d4b\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u51b3\u5b9a\u6c42\u52a9\u4e8e\u91cd\u8f7dnew<\/span>\u548cdelete<\/span>\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u6765\u5e2e\u6211\u627e\u5230\u6211\u7684\u6307\u9488\u6240\u6307\u5411\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u7684new<\/span>\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u628a\u8fd4\u56de\u5730\u5740\u4ece\u6808\u4e0a\u63d0\u4e86\u51fa\u6765\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fd4\u56de\u5730\u5740\u4f4d\u4e8e\u4f20\u9012\u8fc7\u6765\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u548c\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c40\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u5730\u5740\u4e4b\u95f4\u3002\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u7684\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3001\u8c03\u7528\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3001\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7684\u4f53\u7cfb\u7ed3\u6784\u90fd\u4f1a\u5f15\u54cd\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fd4\u56de\u5730\u5740\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u60a8\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0b\u9762\u4ee3\u7801\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u8981\u6839\u636e\u60a8\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u60c5\u51b5\u505a\u4e00\u4e9b\u8c03\u6574\u3002\u4e00\u65e6new<\/span>\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u83b7\u5f97\u4e86\u8fd4\u56de\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u5b83\u5c31\u5728\u5c06\u8981\u5b9e\u9645\u5206\u914d\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u524d\u9762\u5206\u914d\u989d\u5916\u768416\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u6765\u5b58\u653e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fd4\u56de\u5730\u5740\u548c\u5b9e\u9645\u7684\u5206\u914d\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u628a\u5b9e\u9645\u8981\u5206\u914d\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u5757\u9996\u5730\u5740\u8fd4\u56de\u3002
\n\u5bf9\u4e8edelete<\/span>\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u5b83\u4e0d\u518d\u91ca\u653e\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002\u5b83\u7528\u4e0enew<\/span>\u540c \u6837\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u628a\u8fd4\u56de\u5730\u5740\u63d0\u53d6\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u5199\u5230\u5b9e\u9645\u5206\u914d\u7a7a\u95f4\u5927\u5c0f\u7684\u540e\u9762\uff08\u8bd1\u8005\u6ce8\uff1a\u5c31\u662f\u4e0a\u9762\u5206\u914d\u768416\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u7684\u7b2c9\u5230\u7b2c12\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\uff09\uff0c\u5728\u6700\u540e\u56db\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u4e2d\u586b\u4e0aDE AD BE EF\uff08\u8bd1\u8005\u6ce8\uff1a\u56db\u4e2a\u5341\u516d\u8fdb\u5236\u6570\uff0c\u5f53\u6210\u5355\u8bcd\u6765\u770b\u6b63\u597d\u662fdead beef\uff0c\u7528\u6765\u8868\u793a\u5185\u5b58\u5df2\u91ca\u653e\u771f\u662f\u5f88\u5f62\u8c61\uff01\uff09\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u628a\u5269\u4f59\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\uff08\u8bd1\u8005\u6ce8\uff1a\u5c31\u662f\u539f\u672c\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u8be5\u5206\u914d\u800c\u73b0\u5728\u5e94\u8be5\u8981\u91ca\u653e\u6389\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\uff09\u90fd\u586b\u4e0a\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u590d\u7684\u503c\u3002
\n\u73b0\u5728\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7531\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u6307\u9488\u800c\u51fa\u9519\uff0c\u6211\u53ea\u9700\u6253\u5f00\u5185\u5b58\u67e5\u770b\u7a97\u53e3\uff0c\u627e\u5230\u51fa\u9519\u7684\u6307\u9488\u6240\u6307\u7684\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u518d\u5f80\u524d\u627e16\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u503c\u5c31\u662f\u8c03\u7528new<\/span>\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u7684\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u56db\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u5c31\u662f\u5b9e\u9645\u5206\u914d\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e2a\u56db\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u662f\u8c03\u7528delete<\/span>\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u7684\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u56db\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u5e94\u8be5\u662fDE AD BE EF\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u5206\u914d\u8fc7\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u5185\u5bb9\u5e94\u8be5\u662f77 77 77 77\u3002
\n\u8981\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u8fd4\u56de\u5730\u5740\u5728\u6e90\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u5206\u522b\u627e\u5230\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684new<\/span>\u548cdelete<\/span>\uff0c \u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\uff1a\u9996\u5148\u628a\u8868\u793a\u5730\u5740\u7684\u56db\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u5012\u5e8f\u6392\u4e00\u4e0b\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u624d\u80fd\u5f97\u5230\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u56e0\u4e3a\u5728Intel\u5e73\u53f0\u4e0a\u5b57\u8282\u5e8f\u662f\u4f4e\u4f4d\u5728\u524d\u7684\u3002\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b65\uff0c\u5728\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u4e0a\u53f3 \u51fb\u70b9\u51fb\uff0c\u9009\u201cGo To Diassembly\u201d\u3002\u5728\u53cd\u6c47\u7f16\u7684\u7a97\u53e3\u4e0a\u7684\u5de6\u8fb9\u4e00\u680f\u5c31\u662f\u673a\u5668\u4ee3\u7801\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u5730\u5740\u3002\u6309Ctrl + G\u6216\u9009\u62e9Edit->Go To…\u5e76\u8f93\u5165\u4f60\u627e\u5230\u7684\u5730\u5740\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u53cd\u6c47\u7f16\u7684\u7a97\u53e3\u5c31\u5c06\u6eda\u52a8\u5230\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684new<\/span>\u6216delete<\/span>\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u8c03\u7528\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002\u8981\u56de\u5230\u6e90\u7a0b\u5e8f\u53ea\u9700\u518d\u6b21\u53f3\u952e\u5355\u51fb\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u201cGo To Source\u201d\u3002\u60a8\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u76f8\u5e94\u7684new<\/span>\u6216delete<\/span>\u7684\u8c03\u7528\u4e86\u3002
\n\u73b0\u5728\u60a8\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f88\u65b9\u4fbf\u7684\u627e\u51fa\u60a8\u7684\u6570\u636e\u662f\u4f55\u65f6\u4e22\u5931\u7684\u4e86\u3002\u81f3\u4e8e\u8981\u627e\u51fa\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48delete<\/span>\u4f1a\u88ab\u8c03\u7528\uff0c\u5c31\u8981\u9760\u60a8\u81ea\u5df1\u4e86\u3002
\n#include <MALLOC.H><\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000void * ::operator new(size_t size)
\n{
\nint stackVar;
\nunsigned long stackVarAddr = (unsigned long)&stackVar;
\nunsigned long argAddr = (unsigned long)&size;<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000void ** retAddrAddr = (void **)(stackVarAddr\/2 + argAddr\/2 + 2);<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000void * retAddr = * retAddrAddr;<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000unsigned char *retBuffer = (unsigned char*)malloc(size + 16);<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000memset(retBuffer, 0, 16);<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000memcpy(retBuffer, &retAddr, sizeof(retAddr));<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000memcpy(retBuffer + 4, &size, sizeof(size));<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000return retBuffer + 16;
\n}<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000void ::operator delete(void *buf)
\n{
\nint stackVar;
\nif(!buf)
\nreturn;<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000unsigned long stackVarAddr = (unsigned long)&stackVar;
\nunsigned long argAddr = (unsigned long)&buf;<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000void ** retAddrAddr = (void **)(stackVarAddr\/2 + argAddr\/2 + 2);<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000void * retAddr = * retAddrAddr;<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000unsigned char* buf2 = (unsigned char*)buf;<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000buf2 -= 8;<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000memcpy(buf2, &retAddr, sizeof(retAddr));<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000size_t size;<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000buf2 -= 4;<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000memcpy(&size, buf2, sizeof(buf2));<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000buf2 += 8;<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000buf2[0] = 0xde;
\nbuf2[1] = 0xad;
\nbuf2[2] = 0xbe;
\nbuf2[3] = 0xef;<\/span><\/p>\n


\nbuf2 += 4;<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000memset(buf2, 0x7777, size);<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u3000\u3000\/\/ deallocating destroys saved addresses, so don’t
\n\/\/ buf -= 16;
\n\/\/ free(buf);
\n}<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5176\u5b83\u503c\u5f97\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u5730\u65b9\uff1a<\/strong>
\n\u8fd9\u6bb5\u4ee3\u7801\u540c\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u5185\u5b58\u6cc4\u9732\u7684\u68c0\u6d4b\u3002\u53ea\u9700\u4fee\u6539delete<\/span>\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u4f7f\u5b83\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u53bb\u91ca\u653e\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5728\u7a0b\u5e8f\u9000\u51fa\u524d\uff0c\u7528__heapwalk<\/span>\u904d\u5386\u6240\u6709\u5df2\u5206\u914d\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u5757\u5e76\u628a\u8c03\u7528new<\/span>\u7684\u5730\u5740\u63d0\u53d6\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u5c06\u5f97\u5230\u4e00\u4efd\u6ca1\u6709\u88abdelete<\/span>\u5339\u914d\u7684new<\/span>\u8c03\u7528\u5217\u8868\u3002
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